Factors Associated with Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Success Among Patients with Cardiac Arrest in Hospital

Joaquim Pinto; Novita Ana Anggraini; Jayasree S Kanathasan; Imelda Dwi Agustin; Rahmania Ambarika; Nurma Afiani

doi:10.30994/jnp.v10i1.1199

Authors

Joaquim Pinto Faculty Medicine and Health Scinces, National University of Timor Loro Sa'e, Díli, Timor Leste https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4691-3768
Novita Ana Anggraini Postgraduate Program, Universitas STRADA Indonesia, Kediri, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-3870
Jayasree S Kanathasan Faculty of Applied Science, Lincoln University College, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-6746
Imelda Dwi Agustin Postgraduate Program, Universitas STRADA Indonesia, Kediri, Indonesia
Rahmania Ambarika Postgraduate Program, Universitas STRADA Indonesia, Kediri, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-4971
Nurma Afiani Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6685-762X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30994/jnp.v10i1.1199

Keywords:

Arrest-To-Resuscitation Interval, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Initial Heart Rhythm, Resuscitation Duration, Resuscitation Success

Abstract

Background: Cardiac arrest requires timely resuscitation, but associations between event characteristics and immediate resuscitation outcomes require careful interpretation, particularly in small hospital samples.
Purpose: To examine the associations of initial heart rhythm, cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration, and arrest-to-resuscitation interval with recorded resuscitation success at Elizabeth Hospital Situbondo, Indonesia.
Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included 38 patients selected through convenience sampling during February–March 2025. Data were extracted from patient records and resuscitation documentation using an observation sheet. Aggregate contingency-table counts were reanalyzed using Pearson chi-square or two-sided Fisher exact tests, as appropriate. Crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated where estimable.
Results: Resuscitation was recorded as successful in 24 patients (63.2%). Success occurred in 15/18 patients with shockable rhythms versus 9/20 with nonshockable rhythms (odds ratio, 6.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.34–27.96; p = 0.014), and in 17/21 receiving resuscitation for <10 minutes versus 7/17 for ≥10 minutes (6.07; 1.42–26.03; p = 0.011). Success occurred in 24/32 patients with an arrest-to-resuscitation interval <2 minutes and 0/6 with an interval ≥2 minutes (Fisher p = 0.001).
Conclusion: All three variables were associated with recorded immediate resuscitation success. These findings support attention to timely response and rhythm assessment but do not establish causality, independent predictors, or a duration threshold for stopping resuscitation.

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