Bacterial Profiles and Their Associations with SOFA Scores and Procalcitonin Levels in Patients with Culture-Positive Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study in an Internal Medicine High Care Unit

Pratiwi Yuliansari; Agit Pratama Putra; Zauhani Kusnul; Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto

doi:10.30994/jnp.v10i1.966

Authors

Pratiwi Yuliansari Pamenang College of Health Sciences, Kediri, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6541-8788
Agit Pratama Putra Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-6336
Zauhani Kusnul Pamenang College of Health Sciences, Kediri, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-7406
Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2409-5429

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30994/jnp.v10i1.966

Keywords:

Bacterial Pneumonia, Procalcitonin, SOFA Score, Sputum Culture

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Identifying the bacterial etiology is crucial for effective management. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is a valuable tool in evaluating the severity of organ dysfunction in these patients. Elevated levels of procalcitonin can indicate bacterial infection and assist in guiding antibiotic therapy.
Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between the bacterial profile of sputum cultures, SOFA scores, and procalcitonin levels in hospitalized pneumonia patients.
Methods: This research used a retrospective design with a total sampling of 68 pneumonia patients who were hospitalized in internal medicine High Care Unit from January to June 2024. Data was obtained by Electronic Medical Record.
Results: The results showed that the highest number of sputum culture results were gram-negative bacteria (80.88%), which was dominated by Acinetobacter Baumannii (25%), followed by Klebsiella P. (17.6%), E. Coli (13.2%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.2%). On the examination of antibiotic sensitivity, it was found that Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprime has a high sensitivity (76.5%) for Acinetobacter Baumanii, and Amikacin high sensitivity (100%) for Klebsiella P, and E.Coli. The correlation between the bacterial profile and the SOFA score was not significant p= 0.942, while the correlation between the bacterial profile and procalcitonin levels showed a significant relationship with p= 0.001.
Conclusion: Procalcitonin levels are significantly associated with bacterial pneumonia but cannot specifically identify the type of bacteria.

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References

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